Cholera is an infectious disease.

Cholera is an acute diarrheal infection caused by ingestion of food or water concomited with the bacterium vibrio cholerae.

It is caused by vibrio cholerae, gram negative bacteria.

It  occurs due to infection of small intestine.

It is curved, comma shaped bacteria.

Cause

Due to bacteria, "vibrio cholerae"

Due to faculative anaerobic organism.

Due to fecal oral route

Risk factors

Unhygieness

Poverty

Poor sanitation

Concomited drinking water

Clinical Feature

Watery diarrhoea

Vomiting

Abdominal cramps

Dehydration

Death 

Greyish bluish appearance on skin in severe case.

Weak

Absent radial pulse

Muscular cramps

Shrunken eyes

Wrinkling of the hand and feet

Duration - Symptoms start 2 hours to 5 days after exposure.

Pathogenesis

Vibrio cholerae can cause syndrome ranging from asymptomatic to Cholera gravies.

Cholera is potentially epidemic and life threatening secretary diarrhoea, characterized by numerous voluminous watery stool, often accompanied by vomiting.

Investigation

Sample- fresh diarrheal stool ( stool collected in carry Blair transport medium).

Macroscopic Examination- Rice watery appearance of fresh stool.

Complications

Dehydration

Electrolytic embalance

Treatment

Antibiotic

Oral therapy

Supplementation 

IV fluids

Prevention and control

Maintain proper hygiene

Hand wash

Homoeopathic medicine for Cholera

1. Arsenic Album
2. Veratrum Album
3. Nux Vomica
4. Ipecac
5. Camphor

Arsenic Album

It is very important remedy for Cholera.

Cholera with intense agony, prostration, burning thirst.

Body cold as ice.

Offensive, dark stool with much prostration.

Worse at night and after eating and drinking, from chilling stomach, alcoholic abuse, spoiled meat.

Diarrhoea and vomiting.

Dysentery dark, bloody, very offensive.

Among these the all prevailing debility, exhaustion, and restlessness.

Great exhaustion after the slightest exertion.

Cold sweat.

Veratrum Album

A perfect picture of collapse, with extreme coldness, blueness, and weakness, is offered by this drug.

Cold perspiration

Vomiting, purging, and cramps in extremities.

The profuse, violent retching and vomiting is most characteristic.

Excessive dryness of all mucous membrane.

Pale face.

Copious vomiting and nausea, aggravated by drinking and least motion.

Gastric irritability.

Great weakness after vomiting.

Vomiting of food.

Thirst for cold water, but is vomited as soon swallowed.

Averse to warm food.

Nux Vomica

Sour taste, nausea in the morning, after eating.

Weight and pain in stomach, worse eating, some time after.

Diarrhoea after abuse of purgative.

Flatulence

Sour bitter eructations.

Region of stomach very sensitive to touch.

Epigastrium bloated, with pressure of a stone, several years after eating.

Difficulty belching of gas.

Wants to vomit, but cannot.

Dyspepsia from drinking strong coffee.

Dysentery, stool relieve pains for a time.

Absence of all desire for defecation is a contra-indication.

Ipecacuanha

The principal feature of Ipecacuanha is persistent nausea and vomiting, which from the chief guiding symptoms.

Indigated indigestible food, raisins, cake.

The chief action is on the ramifications pneumogastric nerve, producing spasmodic irritation in chest and stomach.

Tongue usually clean.

Mouth, moist, much saliva.

Constant nausea and vomiting with pale, twitching of face.

Vomit food, bile, blood, mucus.

Stomach feels relaxed, as if hanging down.

Stool pitch like grass, like frothy molasses with gripping at navel.

Dysenteric, slimy.

The selection of homoeopathic remedies based on symptom similarities and doses according to the Susceptibility of patient.

Don't take homoeopathic medicine without any prescription / without any advise of physician