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About Pneumonia
  •   Dr. Manjit Singh |
  • 1192 |
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  •   12-Mar-2022

About Pneumonia




Inflammation of lung parenchyma including- terminal airway, alveolar (lobar-20%), interstitial space(10%).

Infection that inflames air sacs in one or both lungs, which may be fill with fluid.

With pneumonia the air sac may fill with fluid or pus.


Classification

Classification according to causitve agent 

Bacterial

Streptococcus pneu

H.Influenza

Staphylococcus aureus

E coli

Klebsiella

Chlamydia Pneumonia


Rickettisal

Mycoplasma pneumonia


Viral 

Measles

H1N1

Influenza


Parasitic

Entamoeba histolytica

Pneumocytes carini


Fungal

Histoplasma capsulatum


Classification by site

Lobar(20%) -alveolar or air space pneumonia

Lobular (70%) -bronchopneumonia

Interstitial (10%)



Acute lobar pneumonia

Diffuse inflammation affecting part of lung(part/entire lobe) usually lower lobe.


Predisposing cause

Age<50yrs (50%case)

Sex-both

Season- winter and rainy season


Devitalising condition

Addiction to alcohol and smoking

Overcrowding

Poor sanitation 

Respiratory disease-influenza,chronic bhronitis, bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis.

Inhalation of foreign materials

Drug-steroids


Clinical features

  1. Temperature high
  2. Pain in the RT side of chest in about 70% of cases
  3. Dyspnea
  4. Cough 
  5. Tenacious sputum 
  6. Malaise weakness 
  7. Headache
  8. Aches all over the body 
  9. Delirium 
  10. Confusion due to toxaemia


Sign

  • Cyanosis
  • Pulse rapid
  • Respiration hurry
  • Pulse respiration ratio markedly altered 2:1
  • Temperature high
  • Inspection restricted movement of affected part of chest 
  • Percussion woody dullness over the affected part 
  • Auscultation breath sound is tubular in type


Investigation

Blood leucocytosis

Sputum culture- causative organism

X-ray of chest show opacity over the affected lesion.

Blood culture positive.


Management

Bed rest

O² inhalation (nasal catheter)

Penicillin 1mega unit IM6 hourly

Codeine phosphate 15-30mg to relieve cough

Diazepam

Plenty of fluide 

Electrolyte.


Lobular Pneumonia

Bacterial Pneumonia (70%)

Widespread pneumonia

Patcy in distribution proceded by bronchial infection.


Symptom

Low grade fever

Remittent type

Distressing cough 

Purulent expectoration

Breathlessness


Treatment

  1. Postural drainage
  2. O² inhalation
  3. Syrup pholcodin 2-4cc
  4. Antibiotics- Ampicillin, tetracycline.

The selection of homoeopathic remedies based on symptom similarities and doses according to the Susceptibility of patient.

Don't take homoeopathic medicine without any prescription / without any advise of physician.

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