Migraine is a form of recurrent Paroxysmal headache.

One sided headache mostly, may be whole head affected

Beginning in the childhood to adulthood.

Pathogenesis

• Disturbance of carotid and vertebrobasilar system.
• Disturbance of neurotransmitted system.
• Vasoconstriction leads to cortical and brain stem ischemia resulting aura.
• Vasodilation - extracranial blood vessels - causes - stretching, irritation of nerve endings of arterial wall  causes headache.
• Before actual headache starts there is rise of serum 5 - hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) level which transmitted (neuro)

Aetiology - generally cause unknown.

Precipitating Factors - anxiety, overwork,  emotional upsets, menopause, Hypertension, cervical tumour, premenstrual tension, head injury, spondylosis, noise, fumes, depression, lack or excess of sleep, alcohol, oralcontraception, fasting state, some food etc. orange, cheese, chocolate.

Clinical Feature

• Age - Young adult
• Sex - Female common
• Temperament- Obsessional

Predromal symptom

• Weakness
• Lassitude
• Depression
• Aura - Actual attack starts usually after waking from sleep
• visual disturbance
• Coloured light
• Hemianopia
• Occular pain
•  Lacrimation
• Photophobia
• Tingling and numbness in the face and upper extremities
• This state of aura lasts for about 15 min. to half an hour
• Headache - after aura passes headache started.
• It is unilateral, bilateral and may be generalized.
• Splitting headache (very severe pain)
• It is gradually increase in intensity.
• Throbbing and expansile pain
• Cause- due to dilatation and excessive pulsation of the external carotid artery.
• Visual disturbance
• Zigzag path of light
• Aphasia
• Numbness, tingling
• Weakness
• Vomiting
• Photophobia
• Sweating
• Exhaustion
• Pallor
• Patient prefers to lie in a dark room and refuse all headache last for 12 to 14 hours(but shorter and longer) After attack of headache is over sometime there may be increased urine flow.

Types

Hemiplegia Migraine

• Sometime the cerebral changes may persist for sometime even if the headache is over.

Basilar Migraine

• Where there is spasm of basilar artery there may be visual disturbance, occipital headache, vertigo, ataxia, syncope, dysarthria, tinnitus, confusion, headache, nausea, vomiting, paresis of lower limb.

Facioplegic migraine

• Recurrent facial palsy is associated with migraine.

Retinal migraine

• This condition of migraine associated with occlusion of Retinal artery.

Post traumatic migraine

• Head injury cases

Ophthalmological migraine

• Ophthalmic division 5th nerve is involved.
• Migraine is associated by oculomotor palsies which may become permanent.

Migrainous Neuralgia - (cluster headache)

• Attacks are very severe but short lasting
• Eyes-red
• Nostrils blocked - due to congestion Rhinorrhea Lachrymation Horner's syndrome developed Complaints usually occurs at night awakening from sleep

Duration - less than 2 hours No family history

Migraine equivalent - It is rare Somatic and neurologic feature Headache less prominent

Treatment

General- Patient should regular their life

               Avoid mental and physical fatigue

Acute attack - Aspirin

                         Paracetamol

                         Ergotamine tartrate 1-2mg /day

Prevention attack

Sedative - Barbiturates

                  Tranquilliser

                  Chlordiazepoxide

                  Antihistamine

HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICINE FOR MIGRAINE

Belledona

Aconite

Natrum mur

Cedron

Gelsemium

Belledona

Belledona is very useful remedy for migraine. Headache worse on right side and lying down, ill effects, colds, having a hair cut. Palpitations reverberate in the head with labored breathing. Pain, fullness, especially in the forehead, occiput and temples. Sensitive to least contact. Severe throbbing and heat. Pain worse light, noise, jar, lying down and in the afternoon, better by pressure and in a semi-erect posture. Boring into pillow, drawn backward and rolls from side to side. Constant moaning.

Belledona acts on every part of the nervous system, producing active congestion, furious excitment, perverted special senses, twitching, convulsions and pain. Neuralgic pain. Pain come suddenly and go suddenly. Acuteness of senses is the characteristic symptom of this remedy. Belledona is always associated with hot, red skin, flushed face, glaring eyes, throbbing carotids, an excited mental state, hyperesthesia of all senses, delirium, restless sleep, convulsive movements. Belledona stands for violence of attack and suddenness. Nausea and uncontrollable vomiting.

Cocculus indicus

Cocculus is a great remedy for Migraine. Vertigo, nausea, especially when ridding or sitting up. Sense of emptiness in the head. Headache in the occiput and nape (cerebrospinal meningitis), worse lying on the back of head. Sick headache from ridding in a carriage, cannot lie on the back of head. Pupils contracted. Opening and shutting sensation, especially in the occiput. Trembling of head. Pain in eyes, as if torn out of the head.

Natrum muriaticum

Chronic headache

Left sided headache in school going girls which is relieved by perspiration. Nat mur is a hot patient. Headache worse in sunlight. Pain is so severe that it makes the patient frantic. Periodical headache. Heaviness of limbs along with headache especially in aneamic girl whose faces yellow.

Ameliorate by sleep, sweating, patient begin perfectly quite. Intastible Depression. Patient is sad and tearful and is made worse by any attempt at condolence. Consolation aggravates her troubles. Headache causes individual in malarial districts, over use of mind.

Lachesis

Lachesis is best suited to old topers, subjects of broken down constitution and in trouble incident to the climacteric age. There is left sided headache. Symptoms go from left to right. Lachesis is suited to line and thin emaciated person who have changed physically and mentally.

Lachesis is a deep and long acting, polychrest remedy. Lachesis is a hot Lachesis is an oversensitive to touch.

Intolerance to touch and slightest pressure. Aggravation of complaints from sleeps into aggravation, unhappy, distress anxious. "wakes up in panic".

There is great loquacity, suspicious, jealousy, religious insanity. Sensation of weight on vertex. Headache due to mental excitment.

Ailments due to long lasting grief, sorrow, fright, jealousy or disappointed love. Rush of blood to head, after alcohol, mental emotions.

Desire to open air. Great desire for fanning but slowly from a distance. Ailments cause due to suppressed of menstrual flow with hot flushes, headache, mania. Burning vertex headache especially at or after menopause.

The selection of homoeopathic remedies based on symptom similarities and doses according to the Susceptibility of patient.

Don't take homoeopathic medicine without any prescription / without any advise of physician